A master's thesis at the faculty of the college of science at the University of Basrah (Some Physiological Effects Related to Diabetes Disease of Pregnant Women in Basrah Province), and showed the researcher's thesis (Anwar Hasson Abas). The thesis aims to determine serum biochemical markers levels of betatrophin, 1,5 anhydroglucitol, alpha-fetoprotein, oxytocin, and prolactin in pregnant women with diabetes. To examine whether serum levels of these biomarkers are valuable for assessing disease severity, risk stratification, and adverse pregnancy outcomes in pregnant women with diabetes. Using receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis to validate the diagnostic accuracy of parameter levels for GDM & T2DM diagnosis. and concluded that betatrophin and alpha-fetoprotein had a risk of DM in pregnant women and ROC curve circulation betatrophin and AFP concentrations had high sensitivity & specificity for the diagnosis biomarker for diabetes Mellitus and recommended Studies on the relationship of diabetes in pregnancy with other parameters such as micro-RNA and pregnancy-associated protein A (PAPP-A).genetic studies on betatrophin, alpha-fetoprotein, 1,5 anhydroglucitol, and oxytocin in large population samples of diabetic pregnant women and functional characterization of the genetic variation.