PhD thesis at Basrah University to be discussed (Carbapenem resistant bacteria post -cesarean in Basrah City)
Ph. D thesis at the faculty of Science at the University of Basrah (Investigation of ESBLs β- lactam and Carbapenem of Staphylococcus spp. Resistant post -Cesarean Infection in Basrah City/Iraq), and showed the researcher's thesis Rabeea Abdul-Jaleel  Ibrahim. Thesis aims to Detection of carbapenem resistance bacteria by phenotypic and genotypic , investigation of MRSA,ESBLs(phenomenon) and Determination the bacteria produce (MDR).
and concluded The most common isolates in this study were S.haemolyticus and S. aureus in cesarean section infections.
S.haemolyticus and S.aureus isolates were contained mec A and
 bla Z genes that given the ability to resistance for methicillin, oxacillin, and ß-lactams antibiotics.
The D-shape test method is a very essential tool for recognize of inducible clindamycin resistant form.
The antibiotic cefoxitin disc diffusion method was founded to be a convenient way to differentiated between MRSA and MSSA isolates. 
The most isolates of S.haemolyticus and S.aureus were multi drug-resistant (MDR) by using Vitek®2 compact system for antimicrobial agent such as fluoroquinolones, aminoglycosides ,cephalosporins, glycopeptides, lincosamides and macrolides.
The most isolates of S.haemolyticus and S.aureus were producing extended-spectrum ß –lactamases(ESBLs).
All bacterial isolates were found sensitive for carbapenem antibiotics (imipenem and meropenem).

  Recommendations
Further studies on Staphylococcus haemolyticus isolates and determination of their pathogenicity in more detail , further use
of molecular methods to diagnose pathogenic bacteria , dependence on the Vitek 2 system in the process of diagnosis for multi-drug-resistant (MDR) pathogenic bacteria ,
Recommend to use the imipenem and meropenem as a suitable antibiotics for treatment the casarean infection.