A master's thesis at the faculty of Science at the University of Basrah (Prevalence, diagnosis, and virulence study for nosocomial fungal infections in Basrah hospitals), the researcher Fouad Kadhim Obeed was showed that the general definition of infections acquired in hospitals, where hospitals represent an environment rich in many pathogenic or opportunistic microorganisms which including fungi. The study also showed the ways of transmission of fungal infection to patients and the factors that must be provided for their occurrence, as well as identifying the most important and most common pathogenic fungi in hospitals, in addition to the most important factors of virulence that possessed these pathogens and assisting them to cause various infections in patients after more than 48 hours of admitting. MSc thesis also investigated methods of diagnosis and determining virulence factors and the most important antifungals which used to treat these cases. The present study aims to identify the most important fungal infections acquired after 48 hours of hospital admitting, while the study consuls that fungi are an important microorganism that cause nosocomial infections, furthermore, the study recommends that more attention from health institutions to fungal infections by diagnostic methods, drug sensitivity tests, and the selection of appropriate antifungal for infection.