The College of Science at the University of Basrah organized a seminar entitled ((Some pathological aspects of the thyroid gland.)  by the graduate student (Mai Khairallah Ali ). The presenter demonstrates the most important objectives of study  to clarify: some pathological aspects related to the gland.  The thyroid gland, where the histological structure of the thyroid gland and the most important environmental and pathological factors that affect its activity were clarified. and included clarification of some common diseases of the thyroid gland represented by hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism and symptoms for each of them.